![]() Then in the 1960s, as part of an effort to better prepare soldiers for missions in cold climes, US military researchers hit upon the idea that would make wind chill famous. These calculations helped them develop what they called the "wind chill factor." For years, this metric was used mainly by scientists, because Siple and Passel expressed it in units of kilocalories per hour per square meter - a technical measurement of heat loss that was lost on most people. Siple and Passel tried to measure this effect by studying the freezing rates of water bottles placed on top of their hut in Antarctica. It was long known that wind caused objects to lose heat more quickly, by blowing away the layer of warmer air that surrounds them. The core idea behind wind chill was first developed in the 1940s by Paul Siple and Charles Passel, a pair of American scientists working in Antarctica. So why haven't these alternative metrics caught on? And why can't we ever seem to quit wind chill? How wind chill became so popular () Examples include the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) or proprietary metrics like Weather Underground's "feels like." In recent years, scientists have developed a number of superior alternatives that try to measure what it actually feels like to be outside, taking into account temperature, wind, sunlight, humidity. The real mystery, then, is why weather forecasters continue to use wind chill - even though most experts know that it's wildly flawed. In 2007, Slate's Daniel Engber suggested that "rather than trying to patch up wind chill's inconsistencies, we should just dump it altogether." Many people have pointed this out over the years. So, more often than not, wind chill dramatically exaggerates the cold we actually feel. Those are very particular conditions, and they don't really describe our full range of experiences outside. This formula also assumes you'll be walking directly into a steady wind continuously, with your face totally bare. ![]() In other words: If the temperature is 38☏ and the wind chill is 32☏, that means you'd develop frostbite on exposed skin just as quickly as you would if the temperature was 32☏ and there was no wind. "It was developed solely to assess the risk of frostbite on unclothed parts of the body," says Krzysztof Blazejczyk, a Polish researcher who studies the thermodynamics of the human body. The wind chill index is designed for a very precise, very narrow purpose. There's a good reason for that: Wind chill simply doesn't mean what most people think it means. The wind chill indicator gave a misleading picture of what things were really like outside. And Weather Underground reported that it "felt like" 36☏. The precipitation that was falling was clearly coming down as rain. There weren't any puddles on the streets turning into ice. Freezing.Įxcept it wasn't actually freezing. The temperature was 38☏, but with winds occasionally gusting to 8 miles per hour, the wind chill was officially 32☏. On a recent cold morning in Washington DC, I looked up the weather.
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